What to Consider in a Minimalist Running Shoe

Hi “My Running Doc!”

I recently read the book “Born to Run.”  after reading it, I became intrigued and have decided to try some minimalist running shoes. However a lot of stuff that I read online says that might get injured if I run barefoot or in minimalist shoes. 

As a little background, I am experienced marathon runner and have been running for decades. I have a neutral foot type and never had any serious running injuries. 

Do you have any recommendations on how to safely choose minimalist running shoes so I can run with a more natural running form to convert to more of a minimalist style?

Thanks!

Peter

San Francisco, CA

Hello Peter,

Great question!  There are a number of different types of minimal running shoes that  you can choose from.  But before you can make a reasonable choice on which you would be right for you you have to understand the basics of “minimalist shoes.”

I define a minimalist running shoe as one that has lightweight construction, minimal support and a decreased forefoot to rearfoot drop. 

In case you’re not familiar with minimalist running shoe construction is important to point out that the “ forefoot to rearfoot drop” is the difference in height of the heel as compared to the forefoot. Standing barefoot is a 0° drop.  A running shoe with a zero-degree drop is flat. Any shoe that has no more supporting material under the heel than under the forefoot will have a 0° drop. 

A standard running shoe has a 12 mm drop. This means that there is 12 mm of material under the heel, lifting the heel up relative to the forefoot.  Proponents of minimalist running argue that all this extra material under your heel is what forces you to land as a heel striker when you run in these type of running shoes.

Vibram FiveFingers® are the shoes that many people think of when they hear about barefoot running.  The argument for this type of shoe is that you get the most sensitive ground feel, and hence a running experience that is the most consistent with true barefoot running. However you are protected by a pliable rubber outsole. These shoes certainly fit the criteria of a minimalist shoe in that they have very little support, they’re very light weight and they have a zero-degree drop (meaning the heel is no higher than the toes.) 

Given that most people are accustomed to walking and running in shoes that have a slightly elevated heel, they can at risk of injuries like Achilles tendinitis and even potentially stress fractures if they switch to rapidly to a barefoot running style.

There are other shoes however which will help you learn how to run without the drastic change in forefoot to rearfoot drop.  Another extremely  popular minimalist running shoe is the Saucony Kinvara. The Kinvara has a 4mm drop, is very light (7.7 oz.) and is very supple.  it allows a good ground feel and lends itself the natural running form however it still maintains a modest amount of support. It allows a bit of insurance in the sense that if reform starts to fall apart and you begin to convert into a heel striker you at least have some cushion to protect you.

Another good option is Newton Running shoes. Newton’s are unique in that they have elastomeric lugs under the forefoot that help encourage you to land as more as a forefoot or midfoot striker.  For a neutral runner like yourself, the Newton Gravity Trainer would be a good choice. It weighs 9.1 ounces and has a 3mm forefoot to rearfoot drop. Newton running shoes are designed specifically with the intent to help runners learn how to convert to more of a natural running style. In fact Danny Abshire, the founder of the company is also authored a book which helps teach runners to convert their running style away from heel striking to potentially more efficient stride. 

I think Danny has the right approach. I myself run in Newton running shoes for speed workouts and for tempo runs.

However I also incorporate a couple of different kinds of running shoes based on the workouts that I am doing. I run in Kinvaras for some moderate runs.  I also run a more of a typical cushioning type of running shoe when I do long runs, or any run where I expect that I might walk. Reason for this is simple. Most people it is spent their lives in elevated heel shoes can develop a tight Achilles tendon. Walking in shoes with a 0° drop can lead to Achilles tendinitis quite rapidly. As someone who trains continually and almost always has an Ironman on the schedule I can afford to develop any issues. I consider using multiple types of running shoes as cross training for my feet. I believe it decreases the risk of injury.

If barefoot running form is a new adventure I hope you will find it to be helpful in developing a more efficient stride and ultimately a more enjoyable running experience. 

Dr. Christopher Segler, DPM is a marathon runner, 11-time Ironman triathlon finisher and is Board Certified,  American Board of Podiatric Medicine.  He lectures at medical conferences to help teach other podiatrists and sports medicine doctors about barefoot running biomechanics and the treatment of competent running injuries. His practice is limited to runners and triathletes. He performs remote consultations for runners all over the world via telephone and Skype. He also sees patients in person in both San Francisco, CA and Houston, TX.  If you have a question about a running injury that doesn't seem to be getting better, you can reach him directly at 415-308-0833. 

Barefoot Running: Good Idea or Bad?

This weekend Dr. Segler was invited to speak at the International Foot & Ankle Foundation (IFAF) conference in South Lake Tahoe, CA. The group of attendees includes podiatrists, sport medicine specialists and foot surgeons from all over the United States.

The IFAF is a premier nonprofit educational organization established in 1979 dedicated to providing the highest level of continuing medical education programs in exciting venues around the world and providing increased revenue to help support continuing education, research, the Swedish Podiatric Surgical Residency Program, the Franciscan Foot and Ankle Institute and the NW Podiatric Surgical Biomechanics Research Laboratory in Seattle, Washington. Dr. Segler has become one of the featured speakers at IFAF events around the country.

On Friday Feb 1, 2013 he was lecturing on "Barefoot Running: Good Idea or Bad." The talk centered on his experience with elite triathletes, serious marathon runners and recreational runners with whom he has worked in the San Francisco Bay area. Dr. Segler explained that the key to understanding the trend is to appreciate the goals of runners embarking upon a minimalist path, while appreciating the potential biomechanical limitations and training pitfalls that can lead to running injury. He endorses natural running form as a cross-training tool for many runners and triathletes.

Dr. Segler was asked, “Do you feel that you are helping other physicians here at the conference by sharing your experience in treating runners and helping them address the unique biomechanics of running injuries?”

Dr. Segler replied, “Well, I certainly do feel honored that the IFAF has invited to me speak about my experience, but I personally really feel that I am the one learning and gaining the most at these events. When invited to share the stage with a panel of experts like this it forces me to pay very close attention to my work and my knowledge base. I actually have textbooks in my office written by the IFAF faculty who are also lecturing here. These are the people I have admired since I was in medical school. The expectations are high and those expectations force an attention to detail that requires learning.”

Dr. Christoper Segler is a 10-time Ironman Triathlon finisher who combines his personal experience as a runner and triathlete with his nationally recognized expertise as a running injury specialist in order to help injured runners return to running as quickly as possible. He practices podiatric sports medicine in San Francisco. Being passionate about running and the benefits it brings to athletes, he believes that all injured runners should think it is a reasonable goal to return to running. He believes that it is the physician's job to determine the patient specific goal of the patient and help achieve that goal not just find a different activity. He believes that running injuries are not a sign that running should be abandoned as an activity, but that there is a problem that has simply not been identified and adequately addressed. you can learn more about running injuries and even view the PDF of the lecture Dr. Segler gave at Lake Tahoe by visiting www.DocOnTheRun.com